What type of action requires the hammer to be cocked manually before it can fire?

A type of action that requires the hammer to be cocked manually before it can fire is termed "Single Action." In a single-action firearm, the trigger pull is only responsible for releasing the hammer, which means that the shooter must first manually cock the hammer before each shot. This mechanism is commonly found in revolvers and some semi-automatic pistols.

Understanding single-action mechanisms is essential for safe firearm handling and operation. By requiring the shooter to manually cock the hammer, this action type emphasizes the importance of awareness and control over the firearm, ensuring that the shooter is prepared before firing. Additionally, this allows for a lighter trigger pull, making for more precise shooting once the hammer is cocked.

In contrast, double-action firearms can fire without the hammer being manually cocked, as the trigger pull cocks and releases the hammer in one motion. Pump action and break action refer to different mechanisms entirely, primarily associated with shotguns and certain rifles, where the action of cycling rounds or breaking open the firearm occurs separately from any hammer-related functions.