What must shotshells match to ensure proper function?

For shotshells to function properly in a shotgun, they must match the gauge and shell length specified by the manufacturer. The gauge refers to the diameter of the shotgun barrel, which directly affects which shotshells will fit and fire safely. Different gauges (e.g., 12, 20, 28) require specific shotshells tailored to their measurements.

Shell length is equally critical, as using a shell longer than the chamber can lead to dangerous malfunctions. Each shotgun model typically has a specified chamber length, and shooting a shell that exceeds this length can cause jams or potentially damage the firearm. Therefore, adhering to the manufacturer's specifications regarding gauge and shell length is essential for safe and reliable operation.